EurekAlert! - Breaking News

The premier online source for science news since 1996. A service of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.http://www.eurekalert.org en-usCopyright 2011 by the American Association for the Advancement of ScienceSat, 22 Oct 2011 09:00:00 EDTEurekAlert!http://www.eurekalert.org/images/logo.gifhttp://www.eurekalert.org The premier online source for science news since 1996. A service of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.20webmaster@eurekalert.org (EurekAlert!)A new audit report issued today by the International Osteoporosis Foundation shows that osteoporosis is a serious and growing problem throughout the Middle East and parts of Africa. Gathering data from 17 countries in the region as well as Turkey, "The Middle East & Africa Regional Audit" is a landmark report examining epidemiology, costs and burden in individual countries as well as collectively across the region.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/iof-boo102111.php Sat, 22 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/iof-boo102111.phpResearchers from the NYU Cancer Institute, an NCI-designated cancer center at NYU Langone Medical Center, have identified a cell cycle-regulated mechanism behind the transformation of normal cells into cancerous cells. The study results suggest that inhibition of the CK1 enzyme may be a new therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer cells formed as a result of a malfunction in the cell's mTOR signaling pathway.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nlmc-pcd102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nlmc-pcd102111.phpAnother packed issue of GEOLOGY, The Geological Society of America's premier journal and the top-most cited geoscience journal in the world is online in pre-issue publication. Topics include the San Andreas Fault and SAFOD; the 1944 Tonankai earthquake, Japan; Bonin Island beach sands; the fluid properties of ice; fracturing of the Panamanian Isthmus; diatoms from Ocean Drilling Program Site U1304; China's Loess Plateau; deglaciation and climate change in Turkey; an ancient Death Valley landslide; and cephalopod hatchling habits.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/gsoa-n2g102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/gsoa-n2g102111.phpA Mayo Clinic study finds no correlation between the use of shock waves to break up kidney stones and the long-term development of diabetes.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/mc-sfn102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/mc-sfn102111.phpThe prostate-specific antigen test, commonly known as the PSA test, is valuable in predicting which men should have biopsies and which are likely to be diagnosed with low-risk prostate cancer, a Mayo Clinic study has found.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/mc-mcs102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/mc-mcs102111.phpRecent studies have suggested that C-11 choline positron emission tomography/computerized tomography scans can be utilized as a staging and potentially therapeutic tool in prostate cancer.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/mc-tos102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/mc-tos102111.phpThe National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, part of the National Institutes of Health, has stopped one arm of a three arm multi-center, clinical trial studying treatments for the lung-scarring disease idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis for safety concerns. The trial found that people with IPF receiving a currently used triple-drug therapy consisting of prednisone, azathioprine, and N-acetylcysteine had worse outcomes than those who received placebos.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nhla-cut102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nhla-cut102111.php"What makes a great violinist, physicist, or crossword puzzle solver? Are experts born or made? The question has intrigued psychologists since psychology was born -- and the rest of us, too, who may secretly fantasize playing duets with Yo Yo Ma or winning a Nobel Prize in science. It's no wonder Malcolm Gladwell stayed atop the bestseller lists by popularizing the "10,000-hour rule" of Florida State University psychologist K. Anders Ericsson.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/afps-pdt102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/afps-pdt102111.phpAthletes know they should just do their thing on the 18th hole, or during the penalty shootout, or when they're taking a three-point shot in the last moments of the game. But when that shot could mean winning or losing, it's easy to choke. A new article published in Current Directions in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, looks at why paying too much attention to what you're doing can ruin performance.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/afps-wds102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/afps-wds102111.phpTwo previously unassociated proteins known to be overly active in a variety of cancers bind together to ignite and sustain malignant brain tumors, a research team led by scientists at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center reports this week in the journal Cancer Cell.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uotm-rfc102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uotm-rfc102111.phpIt costs 8 percent more on average than it did two years ago for Washington residents to make ends meet, according to a new report from a University of Washington research group.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uow-hhc102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uow-hhc102111.phpDespite the proliferation of social networks, many Americans feel alone and isolated. According to a new study in the Journal of Consumer Research, lonely individuals behave differently in the marketplace than people with strong social networks.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uocp-sia102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uocp-sia102111.phpWhen consumers share their thoughts about products or experiences, their opinions can intensify, according to a new study in the Journal of Consumer Research. But it depends on whether they're talking about something sensory or practical.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uocp-wde102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uocp-wde102111.phpPeople whose basic needs are met get more life satisfaction when they are more connected to others and when they experience greater autonomy, according to a new study in the Journal of Consumer Research. But those who live in dire conditions have little hope of achieving such satisfaction.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uocp-wdl102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uocp-wdl102111.phpConsumers are more likely to choose products when marketers withhold some favorable information until late in the choice process, according to the Journal of Consumer Research. But marketers need to walk a fine line to disclose information at just the right time.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uocp-iib102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uocp-iib102111.phpConsumers need a little help when it comes to imagining using products, according to a new study in the Journal of Consumer Research. Sometimes that means orienting an advertisement toward a dominant hand or helping them picture using the product (like putting a spoon in a soup advertisement).http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uocp-hdh102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uocp-hdh102111.phpConsumers who feel powerless will choose larger size food portions in an attempt to gain status, according to a new study in the Journal of Consumer Research. But there is hope for convincing them that a Big Gulp won't translate to higher ranking.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uocp-wdc102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uocp-wdc102111.phpConsumers who tell little white lies to avoid confrontation might find themselves rewarding the people who inconvenienced them, according to a new study in the Journal of Consumer Research.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uocp-tco102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uocp-tco102111.phpAt the bottom of plants' ability to sense touch, gravity or a nearby trellis are mechanosensitive channels, pores through the cells' plasma membrane that are opened and closed by the deformation of the membrane. Elisabeth Haswell, Ph.D., a biologist at Washington University in St. Louis, is studying the roles these channels play in Arabdopsis plants by growing mutant plants that lack one or more of the 10 possible channel proteins in this species.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/wuis-pft102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/wuis-pft102111.phpNew research reveals how we make decisions. Birds choosing between berry bushes and investors trading stocks are faced with the same fundamental challenge -- making optimal choices in an environment featuring varying costs and benefits.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/mu-wyw102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/mu-wyw102111.phpA team of researchers at the University of Massachusetts Medical School, Harvard Medical School, Stanford University and the Prince Felipe Research Centre in Spain have deciphered the complete three-dimensional structure of the bacterium Caulobacter crescentus's chromosome. Analysis of the resulting structure -- published this week in Molecular Cell -- has revealed new insights into the function of genetic sequences responsible for the shape and structure of this genome.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uomm-rgf102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uomm-rgf102111.phpReconstructive surgical approaches can help delay endoprosthetic joint replacement in patients with osteoarthritis. Henning Madry and coauthors introduce such procedures in the current issue of Deutsches Aerzteblatt International.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/dai-jpi102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/dai-jpi102111.phpA commonly prescribed blood pressure-lowering medication appears to kick start recovery in the unaffected brain hemisphere after a stroke by boosting blood vessel growth, a new University of Georgia study has found.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uog-bpd102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uog-bpd102111.phpIn a report to be published soon in EPJE, researchers from the National University of the South in Bahia Blanca, Argentina, studied the condition for model cavity and tunnel structures resembling the binding sites of proteins to stay dry without losing their ability to react, a prerequisite for proteins to establish stable interactions with other proteins in water.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/s-hdp102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/s-hdp102111.phpResearch led by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital scientists advances a strategy for taming the side effects and enhancing the therapeutic benefits of steroids and other medications that work by disrupting the activity of certain hormones.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/sjcr-rit102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/sjcr-rit102111.phpKIT researchers have developed a new concept for rechargeable batteries. Based on a fluoride shuttle -- the transfer of fluoride anions between the electrodes -- it promises to enhance the storage capacity reached by lithium-ion batteries by several factors. Operational safety is also increased, as it can be done without lithium. The fluoride-ion battery is presented for the first time in the Journal of Materials Chemistry by Dr. Maximilian Fichtner and Dr. Munnangi Anji Reddy.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/haog-fsi102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/haog-fsi102111.phpIn a summer with unprecedented weather events, from tornadoes, floods, fires and hurricanes, researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing found that physiological changes associated with aging and the presence of chronic illness make older adults more susceptible to illness or injury, even death, during a disaster.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uops-elt102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uops-elt102111.phpA University of Michigan Health System-led team of researchers has found a biomarker they believe can help rapidly identify one of the most serious complications in cancer patients after a bone marrow transplant.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uomh-bdg102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uomh-bdg102111.phpA revolutionary discovery regarding motile cancer cells made by research scientists at VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland and the University of Turku is challenging previous conceptions. The results have been published on July 25, 2011 in the Journal of Cell Biology, one of the most renowned journals in the field.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/vtrc-anm102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/vtrc-anm102111.phpCelebrated writers such as Charles Dickens and George Eliot described characters' faces vividly without going into detail about their features, according to a research group led at the University of Strathclyde in Glasgow, Scotland.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uos-vdo102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uos-vdo102111.phpThe benefits of virtual worlds can be used to help autistic children develop social skills beyond their anticipated levels, suggest early findings from new research funded by the Economic and Social Research Council. Researchers on the Echoes Project have developed an interactive environment which uses multi-touch screen technology where virtual characters on the screener act to children's actions in real time.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/esr-dwc102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/esr-dwc102111.phpA common argument against global warming is that the climate has always varied. Temperatures rise sometimes and this is perfectly natural is the usual line.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/lu-nsw102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/lu-nsw102111.phpResearchers at Lund University can now study molecules which are normally only found in very small concentrations, directly in organs and tissue. After several years of work, researchers in Lund have managed to construct an instrument that "hyperpolarizes" the molecules and thus makes it possible to track them using MRI. The technology opens up new possibilities to study what really happens on molecular level in organs such as the brain.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/lu-nih102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/lu-nih102111.phpPrevious studies of hemoglobin were almost always conducted after first analyzing the red blood cells before conducting the intended analyses. This articles reports on the experience of performing direct electrophoresis using living red blood cells. This approach led to many new discoveries, including the hemoglobin A2 phenomenon.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/sicp-ndo102111.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/sicp-ndo102111.phpIn the midst of a drought-induced food crisis affecting millions in the Horn of Africa, an innovative insurance program for poor livestock keepers is making its first payouts today, providing compensation for some 650 insured herders in northern Kenya's vast Marsabit District who have lost up to a third of their animals.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/bc-pid102011.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/bc-pid102011.phpAmong known risk factors for hepatocellular cancer, smoking, obesity, and heavy alcohol consumption, along with chronic hepatitis B and C infection, contribute to a large share of the disease burden in Europe, according to a cohort study published online Oct. 21 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/jotn-eso101911.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/jotn-eso101911.phpNew research suggests African-Americans have a higher burden of multiple, large-joint osteoarthritis (OA), and may not be recognized based on the current definition of "generalized OA." African-Americans were also more likely to have knee OA, but less likely to be affected by hand OA than Caucasians according to the findings reported today in Arthritis & Rheumatism, a peer-reviewed journal of the American College of Rheumatology.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/w-maa101911.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/w-maa101911.phpIn female barred buttonquails, high testosterone levels correlate with elaborate plumage and good body condition.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/m-epd101911.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/m-epd101911.phpHealth prevention strategies to help Canadians achieve their optimal health potential could add a decade or more of healthy years to the average lifespan and save the economy billions of dollars as a result of reduced cardiovascular disease, says noted cardiologist Dr. Clyde Yancy.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/hasf-slc101811.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/hasf-slc101811.phpAlthough increased use of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV) nationwide has helped decrease mortality rates among patients hospitalized with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a small group of patients requiring subsequent treatment with invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) have a significantly higher risk of death than those placed directly on IMV, according to researchers in the United States who studied patterns of NIPPV use.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/ats-nlt101811.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/ats-nlt101811.phpA study focusing on the family and friends of people who were suicidal has highlighted the main challenges they face when trying to judge whether a person is in danger and decide what they should do about it.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/tpco-shi101711.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/tpco-shi101711.phpA peer-reviewed study commissioned by NOAA shows the American people assign an estimated total economic value of $33.57 billion for the coral reefs of the main Hawaiian Islands. The findings came from survey of 3,100 households -- from all US residents, not just Hawaii or coastal residents. Survey allowed the public to express its preferences and values for protection and restoration of the coral reef ecosystems around the main Hawaiian Islands.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nh-urs101711.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nh-urs101711.phpChildren with certain dopamine system gene variants have an improved response to methylphenidate -- the most commonly prescribed medication for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder -- in a finding that could help eliminate the guesswork from prescribing effective medications for children with ADHD. Researchers report their results in the Oct. 21 Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/cchm-cwc101711.php Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/cchm-cwc101711.phpIn the Oct. 20 edition of the journal Cell Host and Microbe, Drs. Claudia Plottel and Martin J. Blaser of the Departments of Medicine and Microbiology at NYU Langone Medical Center, and the Department of Biology at New York University, present a model for understanding how cancer evolves in humans based on an understanding of the bacteria living in our body, the microbiome.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nlmc-ran102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nlmc-ran102011.phpExceptional cognitive and physical function in old age leaves a tell-tale immunologic fingerprint, say researchers at the University of Pittsburgh and Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC. Likewise, older adults who have mild impairments bear a distinct immunologic pattern, according to findings published today in PLoS ONE.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uops-pec102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uops-pec102011.phpUniversity of British Columbia researchers have identified three major patterns that emerge among couples dealing with male depression. These can be described as "trading places," "business as usual" and "edgy tensions."http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uobc-pm102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uobc-pm102011.phpFor the first time, astronomers have detected around a burgeoning solar system a sprawling cloud of water vapor that's cold enough to form comets, which could eventually deliver oceans to dry planets.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uom-npd102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uom-npd102011.phpThe Antarctic ozone hole, which yawns wide every Southern Hemisphere spring, reached its annual peak on Sept. 12. It stretched to 10.05 million square miles, the ninth largest ozone hole on record. Above the South Pole, the ozone hole reached its deepest point of the season on Oct. 9, tying this year for the 10th lowest in this 26-year record.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nsfc-nnd102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nsfc-nnd102011.phpSlices of graphene oxide in a solution arrange themselves into a nematic liquid crystal. At a sufficient concentration, giant flakes will form a gel, a precursor to manufacturing metamaterals and fibers.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/ru-gfm102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/ru-gfm102011.phpPartners in Wall Street law firms write equally nice things about the work of their male and female junior lawyers, but when they use hard numbers, they rate the men higher, according to a study in the current Social Psychological and Personality Science (published by SAGE).http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/sp-iem102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/sp-iem102011.phpAfter its initial appearance in New York in 1999, West Nile virus spread across the United States in just a few years and is now well-established throughout North and South America.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nsf-wnv102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nsf-wnv102011.phpResearchers at the University of Houston are recommending a new strategy for developing drugs to treat cancer, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's and cardiovascular diseases. The results are published in the October issue of Nature Reviews Drug Discovery.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uoh-nds102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uoh-nds102011.phpThe following are tips from the journals of the American Society for Microbiology.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/asfm-tft102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/asfm-tft102011.phpViolent deaths are outpacing traditional causes of maternal mortality, such as hemorrhage and pre-eclampsia, and conflicts with intimate partner are often a factor, researchers report. "We found that the mortality rate from homicide and suicide were more common than what we think of as traditional causes of maternal mortality," said Dr. Christie L. Palladino, an obstetrician-gynecologist and educational researcher at Georgia Health Sciences University. "It's not what you want to read, but it's the reality."http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/ghsu-hso102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/ghsu-hso102011.phpUsing one of the largest DNA data sets for a group of birds and employing next-generation sequencing methods, Smithsonian scientists and collaborators have determined the evolutionary family tree for one of the most strikingly diverse and endangered bird families in the world, the Hawaiian honeycreepers. Not only have the researchers determined the types of finches that the honeycreeper family originally evolved from, but they have also linked the timing of that rapid evolution to the formation of the four main Hawaiian Islands.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/s-sdf102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/s-sdf102011.phpNOAA is now using a sophisticated forecast model that substantially improves predictions of space weather impacts on Earth. Better forecasts offer additional protection for people and the technology-based infrastructure we use daily.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nh-swp102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nh-swp102011.phpThe Antarctic ozone hole, which yawns wide every Southern Hemisphere spring, reached its annual peak on Sept. 12, stretching 10.05 million square miles, the ninth largest on record. Above the South Pole, the ozone hole reached its deepest point of the season on Oct. 9 when total ozone readings dropped to 102 Dobson units, tied for the 10th lowest in the 26-year record.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nh-nns102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nh-nns102011.phpResearchers at UCLA have found a possible explanation for why autistic children act and think differently than their peers -- for the first time, they show that the connections between regions of the brain that are important for language and social skills grow much more slowly in boys with autism, when compared to healthy children.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uoc--abd102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uoc--abd102011.phpA new commentary cautions against the over-diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease and over-prescription of acid-suppressing drugs in children under one year of age.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uobc-amm102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uobc-amm102011.phpEven though previous studies have been shown the link between regular exercises and improved health the exact dose-response relation remains unclear. Guenther Samitz, researcher in physical activity and public health at the Centre for Sports Sciences and University Sports of the University of Vienna has investigated this relationship with a meta-study representing more than 1.3 million participants.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uov-emr102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uov-emr102011.phpResearchers at NYU Langone Medical Center today announce findings published in the Oct. 20 issue of Nature that show for the first time the inhibition of both microRNA-33a and microRNA-33b with chemically modified anti-miR oligonucleotides markedly suppress triglyceride levels and cause a sustained increase in high density lipoprotein cholesterol "good" cholesterol.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nlmc-ntt102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nlmc-ntt102011.phpNew York University and University of Iowa biologists have identified a key mechanism controlling early embryonic development that is critical in determining how structures such as appendages -- arms and legs in humans -- grow in the right place and at the right time.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nyu-uoi102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nyu-uoi102011.phpAsteroid crater shapes may differ based on how tightly packed the asteroids are, carnivorous plants snap shut in at least two distinct ways, and recent revelations about faster-than-light neutrinos don't jive with established physical laws.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/aps-cse102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/aps-cse102011.phpPatient handovers have increased significantly as a result of the restrictions on the number of hours residents are allowed to work. Multiple shift changes, and resulting consecutive sign-outs, during patient handovers are linked to a decrease in both the amount and quality of information conveyed between residents, according to a new study in the Journal of General Internal Medicine, published by Springer.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/s-hps102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/s-hps102011.phpA new study concludes that men who experience persistently moderate or high levels of stressful life events over a number of years have a 50 percent higher mortality rate.In general, the researchers found only a few protective factors against these higher levels of stress -- people who self-reported that they had good health tended to live longer and married men also fared better. Moderate drinkers also lived longer than non-drinkers.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/osu-htm102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/osu-htm102011.phpLow-income women with children who moved from high-poverty to lower-poverty neighborhoods experienced notable long-term improvements in aspects of their health; namely, reductions in diabetes and extreme obesity, according to a new study by researchers at the University of Chicago and partner institutions.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nsf-ile102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nsf-ile102011.phpThe federal government today released a national strategy for ensuring that environmental, health, and safety research needs are fully identified and addressed in the fast-growing field of nanotechnology.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nnco-fgr102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nnco-fgr102011.phpFederal agencies should develop a new nutrition rating system with symbols to display on the front of food and beverage packaging that graphically convey calorie counts by serving size and a "point" value showing whether the saturated and trans fats, sodium, and added sugars in the products are below threshold levels. This new front-of-package system should apply to all foods and beverages and replace any other symbols currently being used on the front of packaging, added the committee that wrote the report.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/naos-ccp102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/naos-ccp102011.phpThe tip of a bone point fragment found embedded in a mastodon rib from an archaeological site in Washington state shows that hunters were present in North America at least 800 years before Clovis, confirming that the first inhabitants arrived earlier to North America than previously thought, says a team of researchers led by a Texas A&M University archaeologist.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/tau-tas102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/tau-tas102011.phpA team of international researchers has discovered a new Ebola-like virus -- Lloviu virus -- in bats from northern Spain. Lloviu virus is the first known filovirus native to Europe. Filoviruses, which include well-known viruses like Ebola and Marburg, are among the deadliest pathogens in humans and non-human primates, and are generally found in East Africa and the Philippines. The findings thus expand the natural geographical distribution of filoviruses.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/cums-fev102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/cums-fev102011.phpSpas that offer massage therapy using fragrant essential oils, called aromatherapy, may have elevated levels of potentially harmful indoor air pollutants such as volatile organic compounds and ultrafine particles, according to an article in Environmental Engineering Science, a peer-reviewed journal published by Mary Ann Liebert Inc.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/mali-cap102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/mali-cap102011.phpIndividuals perform better and are more confident when they practice motivational tactics focused not on them but on the team they belong to, according to Michigan State University researchers.The findings, published in the Journal of Sports Sciences, reveal that simply changing "I" to "we" in self-talk motivational statements has a significant impact on an individual's -- and thus a group's -- performance.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/msu-ivw102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/msu-ivw102011.phpA new study recently published in the American Journal of Transplantation reveals that the ability to successfully carry a pregnancy after kidney transplantation is very high, with 73.5 percent live birth rates.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/w-spp102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/w-spp102011.phpAre words weighing down America's ability to improve its health? According to a group of weight and health experts assembled by the Strategies to Overcome and Prevent (STOP) Obesity Alliance, the answer is yes. There is a need for media and policymakers to more responsibly address weight-related health issues, the experts said, and remove the verbal barriers that are getting in the way of a more informed, responsible conversation.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/cca-ewt102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/cca-ewt102011.phpThomas Jefferson University Hospital is one of a select number of medical centers nationwide offering a newly approved optical imaging agent for the detection of papillary cancer of the bladder in patients with known or suspected bladder cancer.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/tju-tju102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/tju-tju102011.phpIt has been well-documented that minorities are subject to discrimination in product pricing and customer service. What is startling is the result of a new study professors at the USC Marshall School of business in conjunction with University of San Diego's School of Business Administration, that shows that sometimes ill treatment can make African-American consumers voluntarily pay more for goods and services than they would normally, as well as pay more than their Caucasian counterparts.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/umso-sfm102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/umso-sfm102011.phpA new study published online in the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition shows that soy protein compared to dairy milk protein supplementation improves the lipid profile in healthy individuals.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/sl-nss102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/sl-nss102011.phpUsing a simple, single-step process, engineers and scientists at the University of California at Berkeley recently developed a technique to direct benign, filamentous viruses called M13 phages to serve as structural building blocks for materials with a wide range of properties.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nsf-mgv102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nsf-mgv102011.phpA paper from the National Institutes of Health in the United States has evaluated the separate and combined effects of the frequency of alcohol consumption and the average quantity of alcohol drunk per occasion and how that relates to mortality risk from individual cancers as well as all cancers.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/bumc-aoq102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/bumc-aoq102011.phpCulture is not a trait that is unique to humans. By studying orangutan populations, a team of researchers headed by anthropologist Michael Kruetzen from the University of Zurich has demonstrated that great apes also have the ability to learn socially and pass them down through a great many generations.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uoz-cih102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uoz-cih102011.phpSheep's head is not for wimps. Until now very few of us have been tempted by this traditional Norwegian dish. "It's a pity, because you will really have to look far and wide for a more tasty traditional dish," says Professor Reidar Mykletun at the Norwegian School of Hotel Management at the University of Stavanger.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uos-sie102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uos-sie102011.phpA reconstruction based on the skull of Norway's best-preserved Stone Age skeleton makes it possible to study the features of a boy who lived outside Stavanger 7,500 years ago.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uos-fwa102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uos-fwa102011.phpMinced meat, bread, fruit juice and many other foods are packaged in a protective gas which extends their shelf life. There is currently no good method to check whether the packaging has the correct gas content. However, researchers in Atomic Physics and Packaging Logistics have developed a new laser instrument which could solve the problem. The first product is expected to be ready for market launch later in the autumn.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/lu-lms102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/lu-lms102011.phpA healthy diet is especially important during the menopause -- a period in which the risk of suffering from health problems increases. Various studies analyze the diet of peri- and postmenopausal women in Spain alongside the troubles that come with this transition. The results show that all of those groups studied have a deficient intake of vitamin D.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/f-sf-wdn102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/f-sf-wdn102011.phpDo we really read differently from a screen than from paper? The Media Convergence Research Unit of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, working in cooperation with MVB Marketing- und Verlagsservice des Buchhandels GmbH, has produced neuroscientifically based results regarding the use of e-readers in the world's first reading study of its kind.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/jgum-drd102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/jgum-drd102011.phpWriting in a forthcoming issue of the International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, researchers in India describe an alarm clock that monitors your brain activity and triggers its alarm within a time window you set in advance but only when your brain is in a more easily roused state rather than deep sleep.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/ip-ww102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/ip-ww102011.phpStudies of ant populations in Borneo reveal an unexpected resilience to areas of rainforest degraded by repeated intensive logging, a finding which conservationists hope will lead governments to conserve these areas rather than allow them to be cleared and used for cash crop plantations.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uol-lla102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uol-lla102011.phpThere is no link between long-term use of mobile phones and tumors of the brain or central nervous system, finds new research published on bmj.com today.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/bmj-bes102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/bmj-bes102011.phpNew research suggests that hitchhiking, once believed to be the exclusive domain of beat poets and wanderers, is in fact an activity that daring members of the animal kingdom engage in. And it may lead to a serious ecological problem.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/mu-dpt102011.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/mu-dpt102011.phpClinical trial results presented at the 2011 Annual Meeting of the Infectious Diseases Society of America demonstrated that using antimicrobial copper surfaces in intensive care unit rooms reduced the amount of bacteria in the rooms by 97 percent, resulting in a 41 percent reduction in the hospital acquired infection rate. As part of the study, common objects such as bed rails, overbed tray tables, nurse call buttons and IV poles, were replaced with antimicrobial copper versions.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/kc-spn101911.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/kc-spn101911.phpResearchers warn of a looming health crisis in the wake of rising mortgage delinquencies and home foreclosures. The study is the first long-term survey of the impact the current housing crisis is having on older Americans. The study focused on adults over 50 and found high rates of depression among those behind in their mortgage payments and a higher likelihood of making unhealthy financial tradeoffs regarding food and needed prescription medications.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uomm-eph101911.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uomm-eph101911.phpA team led by scientists from the Scripps Research Institute has identified a new metabolic pathway for controlling brain inflammation, suggesting strategies for treating it.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/sri-srs101911.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/sri-srs101911.phpA new and astonishing chapter has been added to North American prehistory in regards to the first hunters and their hunt for the now extinct giant mammoth-like creatures -- the mastodons. professor Eske Willerslev's team from the Centre for GeoGenetics, University of Copenhagen, has in collaboration with Michael Waters' team at the Center for the Study of the First Americans, University of Texas A&M, shown that the hunt for large mammals occurred at least 1,000 years before previously assumed.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uoc-ttf101911.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uoc-ttf101911.phpTheoretical chemists at Emory University have solved an important mystery about the rates of chemical reactions and the so-called Polanyi rules. The findings, published in the journal Science, reveal why a reaction involving methane does not conform to the known rules, a problem that has baffled physical chemists in recent years. Long-range, their findings could play a role in the development of cleaner, more efficient fuels.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/eu-cfn101911.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/eu-cfn101911.phpA recent UT Southwestern Medical Center study found that estrogen regulates energy expenditure, appetite and body weight, while insufficient estrogen receptors in specific parts of the brain may lead to obesity.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/usmc-uss101911.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/usmc-uss101911.phpNOAA scientists have found that pressure from increasing coastal populations, ship and boat groundings, marine debris, poaching, and climate change are critically threatening the health of the Florida Keys ecosystem.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nh-nrs101911.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/nh-nrs101911.phpThe condition tuberous sclerosis, due to mutation in one of two tumor suppressor genes, TSC1 or TSC2, causes the growth of non-malignant tumors throughout the body and skin. New research published in BioMed Central's open-access journal Cell and Bioscience shows that the growth of glucose-dependent TSC-related tumors can be restricted by 2-deoxyglucose, which blocks glucose metabolism, but not by restricting dietary carbohydrates.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/bc-fac101911.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/bc-fac101911.phpPost-menopausal women with high levels of hormones such as estrogen or testosterone are known to have a higher risk of breast cancer. New research published in BioMed Central's open-access journal Breast Cancer Research looked at eight different sex and growth hormones and found that the risk of breast cancer increased with the number of elevated hormones -- each additional elevated hormone level increased risk by 16 percent.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/bc-ehl101911.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/bc-ehl101911.phpResearchers at Boston University have made discoveries that provide the foundation towards novel approaches to control insects that transmit deadly diseases such as dengue fever and malaria through their study of the Wolbachia bacteria.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/bumc-bum101811.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/bumc-bum101811.phpAfrican-American women who develop gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy face a 52 percent increased risk of developing diabetes in the future compared to white women who develop GDM during pregnancy, according to a Kaiser Permanente study published online in the journal Diabetologia.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/kp-aaw101711.php Thu, 20 Oct 2011 00:00:00 EDThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/kp-aaw101711.php

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